Erect, 1-1.5 m, branched above; lvs thin, green, ovate or lance-ovate, to 15 cm, reduced upwards, coarsely serrate, rounded or subcordate at base, finely hairy beneath; petioles of the larger lvs to 6 cm, the upper reduced; spikes subcylindric, to 2 dm, 1-1.5 cm thick, occasionally interrupted at base; bracts broadly ovate, acuminate, not large; cal at anthesis glabrous, 6 mm, the lance-ovate lobes 1-1.5 mm, with convex margins, obtuse or subacute; cor greenish-yellow; 2n=18. Open woods; Vt. to s. Ont., Minn., and se. S.D., s. to Ga. and Okla. Aug., Sept.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Infrequent to rare and generally found in rather open woods, in moist and usually sandy soil along streams; sometimes in moist open woods and fallow fields, and along roadsides.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 4

Wetland Indicator Status: FACU

Diagnostic Traits: Stems to 1.5 m, +/-glabrous; spikes up to 1.4 cm wide; stamens exserted from yellow-cream bilabiate corolla; stamens 4.