Lamiaceae
Lamiaceae image
Sue Carnahan
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PLANT: Annual, biennial and perennial herbs or shrubs (rarely small trees), often variously pubescent, mostly aromatic; stems mostly 4 angled. LEAVES: opposite (rarely alternate or whorled), simple (rarely pinnately compound), mostly toothed to lobed, exstipulate. INFLORESCENCE: cymose, or less often racemose to paniculate, the cymes often congested as axillary verticils, these sometimes forming spikes or interrupted spikes, the internodes then clearly visible. FLOWERS: mostly perfect; sepals 5, connate, the calyx appearing 2 5 lobed or toothed, actinomorphic to zygomorphic, mostly persistent; petals 5, connate, the corolla (4 )5 lobed, mostly strongly zygomorphic, often bilabiate; stamens epipetalous, 2 (2 staminodes sometimes also present) or 4 (then of two lengths); pistil 1; carpels 2; ovary superior, sessile to stalked, deeply 4 lobed, each lobe with 1 ovule; style 1, the stigma usually 2 lobed. FRUIT: of 4 1 seeded nutlets. NOTES: Ca. 200 genera, ca. 3500 spp., cosmopolitan; frequented by many pollinators, especially bees. Volatile oils are produced by most species. Many are cultivated as culinary herbs, including Mentha (mints), Lavandula (lavender), Salvia (sage), Thymus (thyme), Ocimum (basil), Origanum (oregano), and Rosmarinus (rosemary). Others are cultivated for ornament (Solenostemon, Monarda, Salvia) and the alkaloids of a few have known psychoactive or medicinal properties. As traditionally defined, a group that is mostly easy to recognize, but considered polyphyletic by Cantino (1992) Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79:361 379.
Species within checklist: Temporary freshwater wetlands floristics in central Mexico highlands || << 1 - 50 taxa >>
Acanthomintha duttonii
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Acanthomintha ilicifolia
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Acanthomintha lanceolata
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Acanthomintha obovata
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Achyrospermum aethiopicum
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Achyrospermum africanum
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Achyrospermum axillare
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Achyrospermum carvalhoi
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Achyrospermum ciliatum
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Achyrospermum cryptanthum
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Achyrospermum dasytrichum
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Achyrospermum densiflorum
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Achyrospermum erythrobotrys
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Achyrospermum laterale
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Achyrospermum micranthum
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Achyrospermum oblongifolium
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Achyrospermum parviflorum
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Achyrospermum scandens
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Achyrospermum schimperi
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Achyrospermum schlechteri
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Achyrospermum tisserantii
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Acinos alpinus
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Acinos arvensis
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Acinos hungaricus
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Acinos rotundifolius
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Acinos thymoides
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Acrocephalus capitellatus
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Acrotome angustifolia
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Acrotome hispida
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Acrotome inflata
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Acrotome mozambiquensis
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Acrotome tenuis
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Aegiphila alba
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Aegiphila anomala
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Aegiphila bogotensis
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Aegiphila boliviana
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Aegiphila brachiata
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Aegiphila brasiliensis
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Aegiphila brenesii
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Aegiphila candelabrum
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Aegiphila caucensis
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Aegiphila caymanensis
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Aegiphila cephalophora
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Aegiphila cordata
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Aegiphila cordifolia
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Aegiphila costaricensis
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Aegiphila deppeana
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Aegiphila elata
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Aegiphila falcata
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Aegiphila fasciculata
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