Violaceae
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Sue Carnahan
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JANAS 33(1)
PLANT: Small tree like shrubs, vines or herbs, perennial or annual. LEAVES: simple, entire to deeply lobed or compound. INFLORESCENCE: axillary or scapose, with flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 4. FLOWERS: perfect, zygomorphic in ours, chasmogamous (opening) or sometimes cleistogamous (fertilized in bud, never opening); sepals 5, the base of sepals auriculate (with ear like lobes) or not; petals 5, the base of lower petal elongated into a spur, or gibbous (swollen); stamens 5, alternate with petals, surrounding the ovary, the filaments short, wide, the 2 lowest anthers often with nectaries at their bases extending into the spur; pistil 3 carpelled and 1 locular, the style 1; ovary superior. FRUITS: capsules in ours, explosively dehiscent. SEEDS of many spp. appendaged with a caruncle by which they are ant dispersed. NOTES: 23 genera, 830 spp., chiefly of temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions worldwide. Some spp. cultivated e.g., Viola tricolor and V.  wittrockiana, pansy. REFERENCES: Little, R. John. 2001. Violaceae. J. Ariz. - Nev. Acad. Sci. Volume 33(1).
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Afrohybanthus aurantiacus
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Afrohybanthus enneaspermus
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Agatea pancheri
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Agatea rufotomentosa
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Agatea schlechteri
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Agation pancheri
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Alsodeia parvifolia
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Amphirrhox longifolia
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Anchietea pyrifolia
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Bribria crenata
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Calyptrion arboreum
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Calyptrion volubile
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Cubelium concolor
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Fusispermum laxiflorum
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Gloeospermum blakeanum
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Gloeospermum boreale
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Gloeospermum dichotomum
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Gloeospermum eneidense
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Gloeospermum ferrugineostictum
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Gloeospermum longifolium
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Gloeospermum portobelense
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Hybanthus albus
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Hybanthus arenarius
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Hybanthus atropurpureus
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Hybanthus attenuatus
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Hybanthus austrocaledonicus
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Hybanthus bigibbosus
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Hybanthus brevicaulis
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Hybanthus calceolaria
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Hybanthus chiapensis
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Hybanthus communis
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Hybanthus elatus
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Hybanthus fruticulosus
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Hybanthus galeottii
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Hybanthus guanacastensis
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Hybanthus havanensis
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Hybanthus ilicifolius
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Hybanthus linearifolius
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Hybanthus mexicanus
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Hybanthus oppositifolius
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Hybanthus parviflorus
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Hybanthus portoricensis
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Hybanthus potosinus
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Hybanthus procumbens
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Hybanthus prunifolius
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Hybanthus purpusii
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Hybanthus riparius
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Hybanthus serrulatus
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Hybanthus sylvicola
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Hybanthus thiemei
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